STANDARD TRADING CONDITIONS
Except when the Company performs the role of a physical carrier and issues a Bill of Lading or Air Waybill for, respectively, sea carriage or carriage by air, all and any business undertaken by the Company shall be subject to these Standard Trading Conditions.
Definitions
- “Background IP” means any Intellectual Property of the Company (or licensed to the Company by a third party), which:
- is in existence before the date of this document or comes into existence after the date of this document other than in connection with this document; and
- the Company makes available, contributes, brings to or uses in connection with the Services,
and includes the System.
“Chain of Responsibility” has the meaning given to that term in the HVNL.
“Company” shall mean Global Product Supply Management Pty Ltd (ACN 099379245), its associated entities, and their respective employees, servants, agents and subsidiaries.
“Consequential Loss” means any indirect, incidental, special or consequential loss or damage, loss of profits or anticipated profits, economic loss, loss of business opportunity, loss of data or loss or damage resulting from wasted management time irrespective of whether:
(a) the loss or damage is caused by or relates to breach of contract, statute, tort (including negligence) or otherwise; or
(b) the Company, the Customer or any other person was previously notified of the possibility of the loss or damage.
“Customer” shall mean the shipper (consignor), the receiver (consignee), the owner of the Goods, the bailor of the Goods or the person for whom any of the Services are performed.
“Goods” shall mean the chattels, articles or things tendered for carriage or bailment or other services by the Customer and shall include the container(s), unit load device(s) or other packaging containing the same and any other pallet(s) delivered with the same to the Company or Subcontractor. “Dangerous Goods” shall mean dangerous goods as defined in the Australian Dangerous Goods Code, and such of the Goods as shall be, or become noxious, dangerous, hazardous, explosive, radioactive, inflammable or capable by their nature of causing damage or injury to other goods, persons, plants or animals or to any thing including that in which the Goods are carried, handled or stored.
“HVNL” means the road safety regime contained in the Heavy Vehicle National Law Act 2012 (QLD) and related State and Federal legislation, including regulations and amendments.
“Intellectual Property” means any subject matter, whether tangible or intangible, that attracts, or is susceptible to protection by, Intellectual Property Rights.
“Intellectual Property Rights” means all and any patents, patent applications, rights to inventions, trade marks, service marks, trade names, unregistered trade marks, registered designs, models, unregistered design rights, copyrights and all analogous rights including moral rights, know how, trade secrets, domain names, internet addresses, rights in Confidential Information, and all and any other intellectual property rights, whether registered or unregistered, whether registrable or unregistrable, database rights, topography rights, any rights in any invention, discovery or process, rights throughout the world resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific or artistic fields and including all applications for and rights to apply for any of the same now or in the future.
“Perishable goods” shall mean Goods that shall be liable to deteriorate in quality and/or value and shall include, but not be limited to, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat, etc.
“Person” includes a firm, corporation or other entity where appropriate. “Services” shall mean the carriage, transport, movement, packing, handling, storage/warehousing, customs clearance and/or any other service performed or arranged by the Company pursuant to, or ancillary to, this contract with the Customer.
“Project IP” means all Intellectual Property (present or future) created, discovered or coming into existence as a result of, for the purpose of, or in connection with the performance of the Services (including all Intellectual Property developed by the Company or a Subcontractor in performing the Services).
“Subcontractor” shall mean and include any person, firm or company (other than the Company) by whom the Services or any part thereof are arranged, performed or undertaken.
“System” means an online web portal, known as the Communicator Package, which provides for supply chain visibility and reporting.
“Valuables” shall include bullion, coins, precious stones, jewellery, antiques, or works of art.
Words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa and words importing any gender include all genders.
Not a Common Carrier/Entire Agreement
2. The Company is not a common carrier and accepts no liability as such. Services are arranged or performed by the Company subject only to these conditions of contract which constitute the entire agreement between the Company and the Customer. No Person has the authority of the Company to waive or vary these conditions and the Company reserves the right to refuse at its sole discretion the carriage of the Goods for any Customer or any other Service whether before, during or after the carriage or Service has commenced and further reserves the right to open and/or inspect all Goods at its discretion and at the Customer’s expense. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company is not compelled to open or inspect any of the Goods, and has no liability to the Customer or to any other person whether it does so or not, regardless of the outcome of that inspection.
Agency/Subcontracting/Subbailment
3. Subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions and instructions contained in this contract, the Company and Customer agree and the Customer hereby employs and authorises the Company, as agent of the Customer to contract either in its own name or in the Customer’s name with any Subcontractor, and employs and authorizes any Subcontractor to subcontract with any other Subcontractor, for the performance of any Service to be performed or arranged by the Company pursuant to, or ancillary to, this contract. Any such contract may be made on any terms of contract whatsoever used by the Subcontractor with whom the Company or Subcontractor may contract for such Service(s) including in every case terms which may limit or exclude liability in respect of the Service. In any event, the Company shall be entitled to the full benefits of all privileges, right and immunities available to any Subcontractor under such contract or compulsorily applicable law in respect of the Services provided. Any Subcontractor’s terms are available from the Company on
Prevention of Suit/Circular Indemnity and Himalaya
4. The Customer undertakes that no claim or allegation shall be made against the Company’s employees or agents, Subcontractor (including their employees and agents) or other Person who may be vicariously liable for the acts or omissions of such parties which imposes or attempts to impose upon any such party any liability whatsoever in connection with the Goods whether or not arising out of negligence on the part of such party. If any such claim or allegation should nevertheless be made, the Customer will indemnify the Company against all consequences thereof. Without prejudice to the foregoing, every such party shall have the benefit of all provisions herein benefiting the Company as if such provisions were expressly for its benefit, and in entering into this contract, the Company, to the extent of these provisions, does so not only on its own behalf, but also as agent and trustee for such parties.
Warranties by the Customer
5. The Customer warrants:
(a) that it is the owner of the Goods or otherwise has the authority of the owner or person having an interest in the Goods or any part thereof to sign the Company’s letter of instruction or other contractual document and consign the goods upon and subject to these conditions. Without prejudice to the foregoing warranty, the Customer undertakes to indemnify the Company in respect of any liability whatsoever or howsoever caused in respect of the Goods to any person who claims to have, has or may acquire an interest in the Goods or any part thereof.
(b) that the person releasing or delivering the Goods to the Company is authorized to sign the Company’s letter of instruction or other contractual document and accept these conditions on the Customer’s behalf.
(c) the adequacy of packing and suitability of the Goods for the Services contracted (including with respect to Chain of Responsibility requirements as to mass, load and other restraints) and accuracy of all markings and brandings of the Goods, descriptions, values and other particulars furnished to the Company for the carriage, customs, consular and any other purposes and undertakes to indemnify the Company against all loss, damage, expenses and fines arising from any inadequacy, unsuitability, inaccuracy or omission in this respect.
(d) that the performance of any Service provided or arranged by the Company to effect the instructions of the Customer in respect of the Goods shall not be in breach of any law.
Exclusion and Limitation of Liability
6 (a) The Company shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the Customer or any other Person, howsoever caused or arising, whether:
(i) from an authorised or unauthorised act or contemplated or uncontemplated act under this contract;
(ii) caused by the negligence and/or recklessness and/or wilful misconduct of the Customer or any of the Customer’s employees, agents, subcontractors or otherwise;
(iii) resulting from, or attributable to, any quotation, statement, representation or information, oral or written, made or given on behalf of the Company or its employees, agents, or Subcontractor as to the classification of, liability for, amount, scale or rate of customs duty, excise duty or other impost or tax applicable to any goods subject of any Service.
(b) No declaration of value or liability will be made which might extend the liability of the Company beyond that stated herein. The Goods will be forwarded/dealt with at the Customer’s risk unless express written instructions to the contrary are given by the Customer, accepted in writing by the Company and extra charge paid, if required.
(c) In all cases where liability has not been, or cannot be, excluded by this contract because of mandatory applicable statute, convention or law, the liability of the Company is limited to the lesser of AUD$100.00 or the value of the Goods the subject of the agreement at the time the Goods were received by the Company.
(d) In all cases where liability cannot be limited as aforesaid or by this Contract because of breach of any condition, warranty or guarantee herein or under other mandatorily applicable law or otherwise, the liability of the Company is limited to either of the following as determined by the Company at its absolute discretion:
(i) providing supply of the Services again; or
(ii) payment of the cost of having the Services supplied again.
(e) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company shall in no circumstances be liable for loss or damage arising from any Service in respect of the Goods whilst not in its possession or any direct, indirect or Consequential Loss arising from the Services performed in respect of the Goods. The rights, immunities, defences and limits provided for in these conditions shall apply in any action against the Company for loss or damage whether the action be found in contract, tort or otherwise notwithstanding any breach of any condition herein by the Company.
(f) Further without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by the Customer or any other person as a result of a failure or inability of the Company or Subcontractor to collect or receive C.O.D. payments from any consignees or their agents whether caused by the negligence of the Company’s employees, agents, Subcontractors or otherwise.
(g) It is hereby agreed between the Customer and the Company that the Customer’s right to compensation for any claim for loss or damage will only be maintained provided the following is strictly adhered to:
(i) Any claim for damage to Goods must be lodged in writing to the Company within 7 days of delivery of the Goods or the date Services are or should have been completed, whichever date occurs first;
(ii) Any claim for loss/non-delivery of Goods must be notified in writing to the Company within 60 days from the date the Goods should have been delivered or the Services should have been completed, whichever date occurs first;
(iii) Any right to any legal remedy against the Company shall be extinguished unless legal proceedings are brought against the Company in the State of New South Wales, and not otherwise, within 6 months from the date of this contract or the date the Services were completed or Goods delivered, or the date the Services should have been completed or the Goods should have been delivered, whichever date occurs first.
Loading and Unloading on and from Transportation Vehicle
7. (a) The Customer shall be responsible for the cost of, and arranging for, the loading and unloading of the Goods on and from the relevant transportation vehicle.
(b) In the event that there is a delay in the loading or unloading of the Goods by reason other than the default of the Company, the Customer shall be liable for the Company’s expenses incurred by reason of the delay, including demurrage costs as notified by the Company orally or in writing from time to time or available upon request.
(c) The Customer shall provide adequate and suitable facilities and equipment for loading and unloading the Goods from the relevant transportation vehicle. The Customer also warrants that the Goods will be suitable for carriage in such vehicle.
(d) The Customer has the right to inspect the transportation vehicle before the loading of the Goods. Absent any inspection or complaint, the transportation vehicle will be deemed to be in adequate and suitable condition for the carriage of the Goods. Thereafter, the Customer shall have no rights against the Company with respect to the condition of the vehicle and the Company will have no liability in respect of any loss or damage caused by the inadequate or unsound condition of the vehicle.
Chain of Responsibility
8. (a) The Company is committed to ensuring as far as is reasonably practicable that any carriage of Goods by road performed as part of the Services is performed safely and in accordance with the HVNL and its Chain of Responsibility provisions. This commitment extends to eliminating, or where elimination is not possible, minimising safety risks and the risk of damage to road infrastructure. The Company will not comply with any directive or instruction by the Customer that might have the effect of contributing to a breach of the HVNL or preventing the Company from taking all steps that it considers to be necessary to prevent any breach of the HVNL or to otherwise comply with the duties of care under the HVNL.
(b) The Company has a policy of compliance with its Chain of Responsibility obligations which is subject to regular audit and review. In the event of a breach of Chain of Responsibility obligations by the Customer, the Company may cease the provision of further Services.
(c) The Company will not comply with any directive or instruction by the Customer that may cause a driver to exceed a speed limit or to drive while fatigued or in breach of a work or rest requirement under the HVNL.
Warehousing
9. The Goods may at any time be warehoused or otherwise held at any place or at any time be removed from any place at which they may be warehoused or otherwise held to any other place to be warehoused or otherwise held at the sole discretion of the Company. In every case, whether warehousing is incidental or the primary Service provided by the Company, it will be provided at the Customer’s risk and expense as a primary charge(s) or a charge(s) incidental to or in connection with the carriage of the Goods or any Services hereunder.
Customer’s Indemnity
10. (a) The Customer shall indemnify the Company in respect of any claim, loss, damage, payment, fine, expense, duty, tax, impost or other outlay whatsoever or howsoever caused or incurred, whether arising directly or indirectly from any Service arranged or performed by the Company and/or in respect of any such damage, cost or liability incurred as a result of any breach of the terms, conditions or warranties in this contract by the Customer.
(b) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Customer shall remain responsible to the Company for all charges (C.O.D. or otherwise) paid by the Company to any agent, Subcontractor or any other party or authority.
(c) The Customer shall indemnify the Company in respect of any loss or damage arising from any inherent defect, quality or vice of the Goods.
(d) The Customer shall indemnify the Company in respect of any container hire, detention or demurrage charges sought to be obtained or claimed by the shipowner or Container Owner or Lessee in respect of the failure by the Customer to return the Container to the Shipowner, Container Owner or Lessee within the period provided for in its bill of lading on terms and conditions pursuant to which the container has been supplied to the Company and/or the Customer.
Insurance
11. The Customer should seek its own insurance cover. No insurance will be arranged by the Company on the Customer’s behalf except on express instructions in writing by the Customer and only if the Company is licensed to do so pursuant to applicable Australian regulations. Any such insurance so arranged will be subject to the usual exceptions and conditions of policies of the insurance company or underwriters taking the risk. The Company shall not be under any obligation to effect separate insurance on each consignment but may declare it on any general policy. Should such insurers dispute liability for any reason, the Customer as the insured shall have no recourse against the Company whatsoever and any recourse by the Customer shall be against the insurer.
Quotations
12. Quotations for the Services are made on an immediate acceptance basis and are subject to withdrawal or revision without notice at the Company’s discretion.
Routes and Procedures
13. If the Company is instructed by the Customer and agrees to use a particular method or type of Service, the Company shall give due consideration to the method or type designated but shall at all times have the right to choose or vary such method or type of Service or route and procedure adopted in respect of the Services performed. The Customer hereby authorises the Company to substitute alternate carriers or Services providers without notice to the Customer.
Payment of Expenses/Duties & Release of Information
14. The Customer authorises the Company in effecting the Services, but with no obligation on the part of the Company, to:
(a) pay any duties, taxes, imposts, outlays, costs or charges in respect of the Goods and/or Services
(b) release or allow inspection of the Goods or any information and/or documents of the Customer, the Goods, the Services or relating thereto as required by authorities,
and the Customer shall indemnity the Company in respect of any disbursement, expense, cost, loss, fine or damage incurred by the Company in doing so and releases the Company from any liability in connection therewith.
Responsibility for Fees/Charges
15. (a) The Customer shall pay the Company for all fees rendered and any charges it incurs for any reason in respect of the Services performed. This includes the payment of fees/charges which the Company is advised or agrees will be paid by a third party which then fails to so pay. Such fees/charges shall be deemed fully earned as soon as the Goods are loaded and dispatched from the Customer’s premises, otherwise delivered by the Customer to the Company or Subcontractor or on receipt of the Company’s invoice whichever occurs first and shall be immediately payable and non-refundable.
(b) The Customer agrees that it shall not defer or withhold payment or deduct any amount from the account of the Company by reason of any claim it alleges against the Company.
(c) Provision of credit by the Company to the Customer may be suspended by the Company at its own discretion if fees and charges invoiced are overdue or otherwise. The Customer shall pay the Company interest as liquidated damages at the Westpac Trading Bank overdraft rate plus 5% on overdue fees or charges invoiced.
Security Agreement – Personal Properties Security Act
16. In addition to and without limitation of any lien over the Goods that the Company might have under this contract, statute or common law, the Customer hereby grants a security interest in the Goods, and any documents relating thereto, and also in the proceeds on the sale of such Goods and documents to the Company to secure payment of all sums payable by the Customer to the Company. The Customer agrees that these terms and conditions constitute a security agreement for the purposes of the Personal Properties Security Act 2009 (the PPSA). Without limitation of any rights that the Company might have under the PPSA or otherwise, the Customer and Company agree that the Company has the express right to:
a) exercise a particular and general lien over all Goods and documents of the Customer in respect of any moneys owed by the Customer to the Company and
b) sell the Goods or a portion thereof and direct the proceeds of sale to payment to the Company of moneys owed by the Customer to the Company and remit any balance remaining (if such exists) to the Customer;
provided that the Company will notify the Customer and all other relevant persons of its intention to sell the goods in accordance with the requirements of mandatorily applicable legislation. If no such legislation applies, the Company will exercise its right to sell the goods or a portion thereof after a period of 7 days from the date on which the Company notifies the Customer that it is exercising its rights of sale.
Registration/Personal Properties Security Act
17. (a) The Customer agrees to:
(i) sign any documents or provide further documents or information required by the Company to register a financing statement or financing change statement in respect of a security interest with the Personal Property Securities Register, register any other documents required by the PPSA or correct any such document(s).
(ii) indemnify the Company for all expenses incurred in attending to the steps outlined in (i) above and releasing any interests from the Register.
(iii) not register a financing change statement in respect of a security interest without prior written consent by the Company.
(iv) not register, nor permit to be registered, a financing statement or a financing change statement in relation to the Goods in favour of a third party without the prior written consent of the Company.
(b) The Company and Customer agree that sections 96, 117 and 125 of the PPSA do not apply to the security agreement created by these terms and conditions.
(c) The Customer hereby waives its rights to receive notices or statements under sections 95, 118, 121(4),123, 130, 132(3)(d), 132(4), 135 and 157 of the PPSA.
(d) The Customer waives its rights as a grantor and/or a debtor under sections 142 and 143 of the PPSA.
(e) The Customer agrees to ratify unconditionally any actions taken by the Company pursuant to registration related requirements under the PP SA and as referred in clause 16(a) above.
Valuables, Dangerous goods, Perishable goods, Livestock, etc.
18. (a) (i) Except as agreed in writing, the Company will not accept Valuables, Dangerous Goods, Perishable Goods, livestock or plants for Services arranged or performed by the Company. Should the Customer nevertheless deliver any such Goods to the Company or cause the Company to handle or deal with any such Goods otherwise than as agreed in writing, the Customer (not the Company) shall be liable for any loss, damage or cost thereto or consequent thereon whether direct, indirect or Consequential Loss and howsoever caused and the Customer shall indemnify the Company from and against all penalties, taxes, duties, claims, demands, damages, costs and expenses arising in connection therewith.
(ii) Any such Goods may be destroyed in the sole and absolute discretion of the Company or any other person in whose custody they may be at the relevant time. In the event that the Goods are destroyed or otherwise dealt with as aforesaid, the Company shall bear no liability and the Customer shall indemnify the Company from and against all costs and expenses with respect thereto.
(b) The Customer undertakes that any of the Goods referred to in (a) above (including their covering, packaging, containers and other carriage devices) shall be distinctly marked having regard to their nature. The Customer further undertakes that the Goods are packed in a manner adequate to withstand the ordinary risks of any Services having regard to their nature and in compliance with all laws and regulations which may be applicable with respect to any Services. The Customer shall indemnify the Company against all claims, losses, damages or expenses arising in consequence of any breach of this provision.
(c) The Customer’s compliance with (b) above in no way reduces or limits those rights afforded to the Company under (a) of this clause.
Delivery/Completion
19. (a) The Company is authorised to deliver the Goods to the consignee or its agent at the address nominated to the Company by either the Customer, the consignor, the consignee or their agents and it is expressly agreed that the Company shall be deemed to have delivered the Goods in accordance with this contract if it obtains a receipt, signed delivery docket for the Goods or signature on its consignment note from any person at that address.
(b) If the nominated place of delivery shall be unattended or if delivery cannot otherwise be effected, the Company in its sole discretion may at its option either deposit the Goods at the nominated place or store the Goods at the risk and expense of the Customer, both of which will be deemed to be delivery of the Goods under this contract.
(c) Dates specified for completion of carriage or any other Services are estimates only and the Company shall not be liable for failure to complete carriage or any other Service on such date or dates.
Sale and Disposal of Goods
20. The Company and any Subcontractor shall be entitled at the cost and expense of the Customer, subject to any compliance with any applicable law, to sell or dispose of:
(a) Goods which in the opinion of the Company or Subcontractor cannot be delivered by reason of the Goods being insufficiently or incorrectly addressed or by reason of the Goods not being collected or accepted by the Consignee or for any other reason, and
(b) any Perishable goods which in the opinion of the Company or the Subcontractor appear to be deteriorating, and the Customer fails to adequately instruct the Company with respect thereto or fails to pay any costs and expenses necessary to implement the Customer’s instructions.
Intellectual Property
21
(a) The Background IP remains vested in and owned exclusively by the Company.
(b) All Project IP will be vested in and owned exclusively by the Company.
(c) Any addition, improvement, enhancement or alteration to, or modification or untried or new application or reconfiguration of the Background IP or the Project IP or anything the subject of any Intellectual Property Rights, will vest in and be owned exclusively by the Company.
(d) The Customer must not directly or indirectly take any action that may challenge the validity or ownership by the Company over the Background IP, the Project IP or anything the subject of any Intellectual Property Rights.
(e) For the purposes of the provision of the Services by the Company or its Subcontractors to the Customer, the Company grants or will procure the granting to the Customer of a non-exclusive, royalty-free, revocable licence, for the duration of the period that the Company provides Services to the Customer, to use the System, the Background IP and the Project IP, to the extent necessary to permit the Customer to benefit from the Services, subject to any conditions the Company reasonably requires to protect its rights to the System, the Background IP and the Project IP.
Regulation Compliance
21. The Customer shall exercise all reasonable care and comply with all applicable laws, Government regulations/directions and industry standards including those relating to the packing, carriage, storage, customs clearance, delivery, inspection or other Services in respect of the Goods, and shall provide such information and documents as may be necessary to exercise such care and comply with such laws, regulations and standards. The Company shall not be liable to the Customer or any other party for loss or expense due to the Customer’s failure to comply with this provision and the Customer will indemnify the Company for any expense, damage or liability incurred by the Company in so complying.
Law and Jurisdiction
22. Any dispute arising under this contract shall be governed by the laws of New South Wales and shall be determined exclusively by the courts of New South Wales or by the court of the Company’s choice.
Representations
23. By signing the letter of instruction or otherwise accepting these conditions, the Customer agrees that it did not rely on any representation, promise, warranty or condition of the Company or its Subcontractor not expressly made (in writing) part of this contract.
Severance & Waiver
24. It is hereby agreed that if any provision or part of any provision of this contract is unenforceable, such unenforceability shall not affect any other part of such provision or any other provision hereof. Further, should the Company elect not to exercise any of its rights under this contract, under any other contract/agreement or under law, such election shall not constitute a waiver of any rights relating to any other or subsequent breach by the Customer.
Customer’s Own Form
25. The use of the Customer’s own form is no derogation to these conditions of contract.
Trade Practices
26. (a) Any exclusion or limitation of liability in these Standard Trading Conditions is to be read subject to any restriction on contracting out of liability provided in any legislation, such as under Schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010, binding on the Company so that any such exclusion or limitation is rendered ineffective to the extent required by any such legislation, but is otherwise fully effective and all the provisions in these Standard Trading Conditions are severable and effective independently of any provisions which are rendered null and void or ineffective by reason of any such legislation.
(b) Unless written notification to the contrary is given by the Customer to the Company at or prior to entering into this contract, the Customer expressly warrants and represents that all or any Services to be supplied by the Company and acquired by the Customer pursuant to this agreement are so supplied and acquired for the purposes of a business, trade, profession or occupation carried on or engaged in by the Customer.
(c) If the carriage of Goods involves an ultimate destination or stop in a country other than the country of departure, the Warsaw Convention (1929), the Warsaw Convention as Amended at the Hague (1955) and Warsaw supplementary protocols such as the “Guadalajara Convention”, Protocol of Montreal No. 4 or the Montreal Convention may be applicable and may govern and in most cases limit the liability of the Carrier in respect of loss, damage or delay to cargo, unless a higher value is declared in advance by the Customer and a supplementary charge paid if required.
Reasonable Care/Force Majeure
27. (a) Where the Company is unable to carry out any obligation under the contract or any loss or damage is caused to the Goods or the Customer, or otherwise due to any circumstance, matter or thing beyond its reasonable control (“force majeure”) or its exercise of reasonable care, the Company shall be excused and released from such obligations or liability to the extent of such prevention, restriction or so caused.
(b) Without limiting clause 27(a) the Company shall not be liable in respect of any loss or damage to the Goods or any Consequential Losses suffered by the Customer occasioned by any detention of the Goods, or any delay caused by such detention, resulting from, inter alia:
(i) the arrest of a carrying vessel;
(ii) the detention of a carrying vessel or the cargo by any State or government instrumentality, port authority or warehouse operator; or
(iii) the exercise of a lien by, inter alia, any shipowner, charterer or warehouse operator over a carrying vessel or the Goods.
March 2019